Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Targeting neuroinflammation and PVN CRH neurons: dexmedetomidine liposomes for perioperative neurocognitive disorder with comorbid anxiety

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102634

Figure Lengend Snippet: D@ACLipo alleviates surgery-induced microglia activation and neuroinflammation. (A) Schematic illustration of the signaling pathway for D@ACLipo to alleviate surgery-induced microglia activation and neuroinflammation. (B) Representative fluorescence images of microglia (green) taking up ICG-D@CLipo (red) and ICG-D@ACLipo (red) in the hippocampal CA1 region. Scale bar: 20 μm. (C–F) The protein levels of TREM2, TLR4, p-P65, and P65 were assessed by western blot. (G) Representative fluorescence images of microglia (green) and the images from Sholl analysis in the CA1 region. Scale bar: 20 μm. Average soma size (H) and relative fluorescence intensity (I) of microglia. (J) The number of intersections from the soma center in Sholl analysis of hippocampal microglia. The relative mRNA expression of Arg1 (K), and iNOS (L) were measured by qRT-PCR. The concentrations of IL-6 (M), IL-1β (N), and TNF-α (O) in the hippocampus were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as mean ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. n = 5. ns, no significant difference, ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01, ∗∗∗ P < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: According to the manufacturer's instructions, the concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the hippocampus, and cortisol in serum were measured by using ELISA kits (CSB-E04639m, CSB-E08054m, CSB-E04741m, and CSB-E05113m, respectively; CUSABIO).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Targeting neuroinflammation and PVN CRH neurons: dexmedetomidine liposomes for perioperative neurocognitive disorder with comorbid anxiety

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102634

Figure Lengend Snippet: D@ACLipo alleviates surgery-induced PVN CRH neurons hyperactivation. (A) Schematic illustration of the mechanism for D@ACLipo alleviate surgery-induced anxiety-like behaviors. (B) Schematic diagram showing the timeline of the experimental procedure. (C) Representative fluorescence images of c-Fos (green) and co-immunostained c-Fos (green) and CRH (red) in the PVN region. Scale bar: 200 μm (up) and 50 μm (down). (D) Statistical results of c-Fos-positive cells in the PVN region from the indicated groups. (E) Quantification of the percentage of c-Fos-positive neurons expressing CRH in the PVN region from the indicated groups. (F) Quantification of the percentage of CRH-positive neurons expressing c-Fos in the PVN region from the indicated groups. (G) Serum cortisol concentration detected by ELISA. (H) Schematic diagram of optical fiber photometry in mice. (I) Representative images of GCaMp6m viral expression in PVN CRH neurons. Scale bar: 100 μm (left) and 20 μm (right). (J) Representative images showing changes in GCaMP6m signals in PVN CRH neurons (gray lines represent individual mouse signals, red lines represent means, and red shadings represent SDs). (K) Quantification of the changes in GCaMP6m signals from the indicated groups. Data are shown as mean ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. n = 5. ns, no significant difference, ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗∗ P < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: According to the manufacturer's instructions, the concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the hippocampus, and cortisol in serum were measured by using ELISA kits (CSB-E04639m, CSB-E08054m, CSB-E04741m, and CSB-E05113m, respectively; CUSABIO).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Expressing, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay